Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis in the Ferret

Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis is a disease of the stomach and intestines where the normal cell architecture of these organs is disrupted and replaced by an increased number of white blood cells, known as the eosinophils.

The exact cause of Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis is unknown, but parasites, immune disease and allergies to certain food items are all potential causes. Affected ferrets are young to middle aged, and gender does not appear to play a role in the disease.

Signs of Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis include vomiting, diarrhea, lack of appetite, dark, tarry stools, bloody, mucousy stools, lethargy, and weight loss. Dermatological lesions have also been reported in several cases. These may include swollen, red foot pads, crusty inflamed ears or generalized skin sores.

Any ferret with signs of gastrointestinal distress should see a veterinarian. The veterinarian will start with a thorough history and physical examination. Bloodwork may be helpful in diagnosing this disease. A definitive diagnosis requires abdominal surgery and subsequent biopsy of the stomach, small intestine and the lymph nodes draining these organs.

Treatment recommendations are based on biopsy results and may involve dietary changes and/or medical therapy. An antiinflammatory drug, prednisolone, is the most common medication used to treat this disease. Signs may recur and medication is usually needed for life.  A diet change to a hypoallergenic diet has been used with some success in these patients. If a diagnosis of Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis is made, it is important to maintain your ferret on a strict diet, as treats and dietary changes can lead to a recurrence of clinical signs.