What is Kennel Cough?
Sunshine Brooks
Kennel Cough is a contagious respiratory disease and is one of the most common infectious diseases of dogs today. The disease syndrome is more accurately described by the term canine infectious tracheobronchitis. It has a worldwide distribution and affects dogs of all ages. The term tracheobronchitis means inflammation of the trachea (windpipe) and bronchi (main airways in the lungs). It manifests itself in the dog as a hacking, persistent cough with or without a nasal discharge.
What Causes Kennel Cough?
Kennel cough is actually a syndrome which can be caused by several different infectious agents including viruses and bacteria:
1. Viruses:
Canine Distemper
Canine Influenza Virus
Canine Adenovirus
Canine Parainfluenza Virus
2. Bacteria:
Bordetella bronchiseptica
Mycoplasma
When dogs receive their puppy and annual vaccines they are protected against canine distemper, canine adenovirus, and canine parainfluenza, therefore, we rarely see these three viruses anymore. The most common agent causing kennel cough is the Bordetella bacteria. A newer virus, Canine Influenza Virus, has caused infections in many areas of the United States and also causes a severe cough and in some cases even pneumonia.
How Does A Dog Get Kennel Cough?
Any situation where many dogs are brought together creates an environment for exchange of viruses or bacteria these dogs are carrying. Therefore, Humane Societies, grooming facilities, kennels, veterinary hospitals, pet stores, obedience classes and dog shows are all possible areas of exposure. Some dogs can actually carry the infectious agents mentioned above for several months without showing clinical signs and then infect other animals once placed in one of these environments.
How Can Kennel Cough Be Prevented?
• Good hygiene: Cleaning with appropriate disinfectants on a frequent basis. Some kennels disinfect their runs three times a day.
• Vaccination: Vaccines to prevent the Bordetella, Parainfluenza and Canine Influenza organisms are available. Most kennels now require these vaccines prior to admission for boarding.
Like any vaccination for prevention of disease, it is best to get these vaccines two weeks prior to boarding your dog.
If My Dog Gets This Vaccine Is He Or She 100% Protected?
Unfortunately, vaccinations and the best sanitation are not going to prevent every case of kennel cough. Cases are going to be seen periodically at any kennel. However, research has shown that dogs receiving the vaccine will have less severe cases if they acquire the infection.
If My Dog Acquires Kennel Cough, What Should I Do?
Fortunately, Kennel Cough is easily treated in most cases. Your veterinarian will usually prescribe antibiotics with or without an anti-cough medication. Cases treated early after onset usually resolve in several days.
